Human IFNr ELISA

Interferons (IFNs) are potent extracellular protein mediators of host defence and homoeostasis. They are cytokines produced by the cells of the immune system in response to challenges by foreign agents such as viruses, parasites and tumor cells. It is produced by a wide variety of cells in response to the presence of double-stranded RNA, a key indicator of viral infection. IFNs are divided into two major subgroups. Type I IFNs all bind to a type I IFN receptor, such as IFN-a and IFN-ß. IFN-r is the sole type II IFN, which binds to a distinct type II receptor. Almost all cell types produce type I IFNs, while the type II IFN-r is produced in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells upon immunological stimulation. IFN-r coordinates a diverse array of cellular programs through transcriptional regulation of immunologically relevant genes. Cellular effects of IFN-r includes up-regulation of pathogen recognition, antigen processing and presentation, the antiviral state, inhibition of cellular proliferation and effects on apoptosis, activation of microbicidal effector functions, immunomodulation, and leukocyte trafficking.

A. Benefits:

• Cost-effective analysis - High Quality with the most competitive price.

• Efficient and flexible - Multiple samples can be analyzed simultaneously with a flexible number of assay wells.

• Specific- A pair of highly selective antibodies specifically against human IFNr.

• Simple procedure All in one system with a pre-coated 96-well plate.

B. Principle of the technology

IFNr ELISA is based on the principle of a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The assay utilizes rabbit anti-human IFNr antibodies for immobilization on the microtiter wells and rabbit anti-human IFNr antibodies along with streptavidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for detection. The test sample is allowed to react simultaneously with the two antibodies, resulting in the IFNr molecules being sandwiched between the solid phase and enzyme-linked antibodies. After incubation, the wells are washed to remove unbound-labeled antibodies. A HRP substrate, TMB, is added to result in the development of a blue color. The color development is then stopped with the addition of Stop Solution changing the color to yellow. The concentration of IFNr is directly proportional to the color intensity of the test sample. Absorbance is measured spectrophotometrically at 450 nm.

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