Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the control of gene expression associated with a variety of physiological processes, particularly in metabolism and adipogenesis. With ligand binding, PPARγ forms a heterodimer with the retinoic X receptor, and binds to PPAR response elements in the promoter region of target genes, thus regulating their expression. Dysfunction of PPARγ leads to the pathological processes, such as metabolic diseases and cancer. Furthermore, modulation of receptor action in these diseases may be of therapeutic value. PPARγ has been demonstrated to be the target of the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), which are widely used to treat type 2 diabetes. Signosis has developed the PPARγ ELISA to help measure the activation of PPARγ in a specific and sensitive manner.