Antibodies to Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) are immunological markers associated with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, particularly Multiple Sclerosis (MS). MBP is a major structural component of the myelin sheath that surrounds nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. Autoimmune responses directed against MBP may contribute to myelin destruction and impaired nerve conduction.Elevated levels of MBP antibodies and MBP fragments have been reported in patients with active demyelination, although their frequency and clinical significance vary among studies. MBP antibodies may also be detected in other inflammatory neurological disorders.